The Effects Of Slavery On American Culture - 903 Words

In today’s society, many negative connotations of slavery are perpetuated in American culture. Some of the most popular stereotypes are the content slaves which are manifested in the Sambo and Mammy figure. Other slaves formed bonds of resistance against slavery through the invisible institution of religion. As more slaves came to America, white slave owners decided to divide the labor. Development of slavery expanded beyond plantations to rural, urban, and university settings typically in the southern region of the United States. Urban slavery grew at a lower rate compared to rural slavery, due to the southern regions reliance on agriculture and the lack of industrialization. Even though urban and university slaves were considered to have it better than rural slaves, they still did not have power since they still had to adhere to the rules of slave owners. Rural slavery was mostly executed through gang labor and the task system (Lecture 3). In gang labor, which is most often depicted in documentaries and movies about slavery such as Roots, it shows slaves working in the fields from sun up to sun down with only an afternoon break. Slaves usually worked in small groups, undoubtingly divided by age groups and physical strength, under the power of the overseer who would keep all of the slaves working at the same pace to maintain and increase production. In the task system, a system that existed before the antebellum period, allowed slaves to work on an assigned task and useShow MoreRelatedLasting Effects Slavery Has Had on African American Culture Essay766 Words   |  4 PagesDuring the colonial period early American settlers came up with the idea to bring African natives overseas to America and use them as slaves. The white man was higher up than the black man in society at the time because of the color of his skin. Americans consider this the biggest blight on our history. The shame of this period in our history still continues today for many whites, bu t many blacks still feel angry and oppressed. With the election of our first black president, we are really showingRead MoreThe Issue Of Black Slavery906 Words   |  4 PagesThe issue of black slavery has been a thorny issue in the American society for so many years. The history of black slavery dates back to the time after the United States attained its independence and continued until just before the American civil war. Black slavery was made possible by the American constitution that made it legal for the white people to own black slaves. Slave trade ensured a constant supply of slaves from the African continent with the most affected part being West Africa. HenceRead MoreSlavery And Its Impact On The United States986 Words   |  4 PagesSlavery dates back to as early as 1760 BC. It is defined as the condition of a slave; in bondage. A slave is a person who is the property of and wholly subject to another; a bond servant. It fiendishly raised its repugnant head amongst many c ultures and nations around the world. Many people viewed slavery as immoral and some viewed it as a necessary evil. However evil, it may have been, it did have a tremendous impact on shaping the United States, particularly the South. From the period of 1800 toRead MoreAmerican Institutional And Intellectual Life Essay1455 Words   |  6 PagesThe issue of slavery in the United States has been hotly debated for centuries. Historians continuously squabble over the causes and effects of America’s capitalistic, industrial form of slavery. But two of the most heavily discussed questions are whether the institution of slavery destroyed African culture in America, and whether it reduced slaves to a child-like state of dependency and incompetence. Anthropologist Melville Herskovits, and historian Stanley Elkins both weigh in on this debate: HerskovitsRead MoreThe Effect Of Slavery During The 19th Century1446 Words   |  6 PagesThe Effect of Slavery Plato, a great philosopher, once stated, â€Å"Dictatorship naturally arises out of democracy, and the most aggravated form of tyranny and slavery out of the most extreme liberty.† During the 19th century in America, extreme liberty was exactly what the South had. The South was characterized by slavery not just because Southerners owned slaves, but because slavery directly affected the way of Southern life. Unfortunately, by enforcing the slaveholding liberties of white SouthernersRead MoreThe Cause and Effect of Slavery in the United States1303 Words   |  6 Pagesthey done selfish acts in the name of â€Å"survival†. Every generation, and every culture built much in this world, yet might have still used the wrong path to do so. America is one major example for this. The Americans, just like many other cultures, have used immoral techniques for the benefit and prosperity of themselves and their dawning country. They stole the lives of millions in order to keep their lives intact. Americans captured Africans and traded them in the colonies, and tormented them in orderRead MoreRacism And Racism1404 Words   |  6 PagesBeginning from the Western slavery, caused and created mostly for economics reasons, racism consequentially was promoted through law and social institutions. Using various means of dehumanization, marginalization of African Americans, and creating and legitimizing their image as a lower race, racism has been cultivated in society for hundreds of years. Gradually racism and racial stereotypes were woven into language, science, wide social opinion. The biological interpretation of the race has dividedRead MoreCharles Dubois Souls Of Black Folk Essay1496 Words   |  6 Pagesof African Americans in this country. The familial structures, sexual habits, and participation in economic markets of these young women are rooted in the historical mental and social scars of American slavery and the post Emancipation practice of sharecropping. WEB DuBois’ Souls of Black Folk is an anthropological study of African Americans published in 1903, fifty years after slavery. His writings are applicable to the current situation of these young women and other African Americans of the sameRead MoreAfrican Americans And Identity Of African American1169 Words   |  5 PagesIn the year of 1619, the largest oppressive legal structure in American History came about, the institution of slavery. Although slavery was abolished in the year of 1865, African Americans are still enslaved by intuitional racism. There are systems in place to keep minorities at a disadvantage. This system of oppression is carried by a number of factors such as; the segregation of black people in urban areas referred to as ghettos, mass incarceration rate for people of color, large educational gapsRead MoreMajor Themes Of Us History During Slavery Essay1607 Words   |  7 Pages Major Themes of US History During Slavery During creation, God made man and gave him the free will to do and act according to as he pleases as long as it is in agreement with His teachings. Fellow human beings could not have control over their fellow men because it was against God’s will. A state whereby one person has absolute power over another and controls his life, liberty, and fortune is known as slavery. The history of slavery dates back to creation times where the Israelites were taken as

Autism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd ) - 1273 Words

Life as a human is full of mystery and discovery. Throughout history, people have set out to learn more about the world and the people inhabiting it. In the process, they gained knowledge about a disorder that is now referred to as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), or simply Autism. ASD is a developmental disorder that results in difficulty in social interactions, communication, and repetitive behaviors. Researchers have come a long way in gathering knowledge about the complex disorder since it was first discovered. Many of its aspects have been discovered and redefined to shape the disorder that is diagnosed and studied today. However, much like many other well-known psychological disorders, autism has yet to be fully understood; instead,†¦show more content†¦In 2013, the most recent version of DSM, DSM-5, was released, in which autism, PDD, Asperger’s, and childhood disintegrative disorder were all combined into the current definition of ASD(American Psychiatric Assoc iation). With each new definition, a product of new information and reevaluated old information was created that made the disorder easier to understand and diagnose. When the APA released DSM-V in 2013, they modified the diagnosis criteria for ASD. According to Autism Speaks, in order to be diagnosed with ASD under the old criteria a person would have had to show signs of at least six out of twelve of symptoms that coincided with problems with social interaction, communication, and repetitive behavior. The criteria set by DSM-5, on the other hand, required signs of three symptoms in a social communication category and at least two symptoms in a behavior category (â€Å"Answers to Questions about DSM-5†). Autism Speaks also reports that the DSM-V allows for past symptoms to be included in the tally of symptoms. The new criteria also specify that the symptoms must have appeared in the early stages of the developmental period. Additionally, patients who were previously diagnosed with the developmental disorders that merged with ASD would be reclassified as an ASD patient or a social communication disorder patient depending on whether or not t hey

Psychology Social Cognitive Theory

Question: Discuss about the Psychologyfor Social Cognitive Theory. Answer: Introduction Stress is activated in most human while learning to have control over the environmental demands by expanding and developing core competencies. While struggling to master over the threatening situation in academic environment, stress is aroused in students. As per the health assessment data collected from different countries, there is a high prevalence of stress among students studying in universities, which is increasing the demand for counselling services (Schofield et al., 2016). Therefore, student retention and progression is a matter of prime concern for the universities. The paper is the literature review of two theories, the theory of social cognitive theory and the theory of planned behaviour. The theories are explained in the context of their application in reducing stress among university students. Literature Review Social Cognitive Theory or SCT developed by Bandura was derived from social learning theory. SCT proposes that an individual in addition to direct instruction also learns through others behaviour by observation. Learning occurs by observing others behaviour, encoding the images of behaviour observed, reproducing them, and being motivated to perform that behaviour. The consequences that follow a particular behavior is the motivating component for an individual to perform that particular behavior. If a behvior results in rewards and being valued then an individual is highly likely to engage in such behvior and if it results in punishment then one is highly likely to refrain from it. It includes the role of cognition in determining particular behavior (Rosenthal, Zimmerman, 2014). Schunk Usher, (2012) mentioned that this theory can be applied to understand and alter the self regulatory behaviour of human beings as their functioning is an interplay of behavior, cognitive, personal and environmental influences. The study executed by Swearer et al., (2015) applied social cognitive theory or SCT in understanding the bullying behaviour that is the common cause of harassment among university students. Bullying has been reported to be the cause of victimisation of students worldwide. Bullying has resulted in increasing level of stress among other students. Therefore, SCT was applied to understand the psychological, cognitive and social characteristics in students that are responsible for bullying. Bandura had explained aggressive behvior using SCT. It will eventually help in developing interventions to transform the bullying behaviours in students into prosocial interactions. Therefore, this study identified various reasons such as growing in an environment with violent behavior, domestic violence in home, childhood abuse, and similar others. Observing such behvior and not learning it as unacceptable leads to engagement in bullying in some but not all students. Therefore, cognitive behavioural i nterventions address the dysfunctional behavior, cognition and attitudes surrounding the bullying behavior. The study results showed application of SCT as skills training or management training was effective in reducing disruptive behavior and stress among students. University students are highly stressed during examinations and presentation of dissertations due to various factors such as time limitations, pressure from parents, peers, and professors to achieve high grades for acceptance in higher education programs, and fear of failure. High stress leads to cheating incidents and not reporting the same (Schofield et al., 2016). Burnett et al., (2016) applied SCT as a framework to understand varying factors that cause students to perceive cheating as an option due to stress. Therefore, framing the students perception by identifying the viewpoints and motivational component of cheating helped reduce the behavior. According to Haider et al., (2012) high stress among university students and associated ill health is the cause of lack of physical activity. Engaging in exercises has been found to reduce the level of stress and anxiety and associated health risks such as chronic heart disease, stroke likely to occur in older adults. Social cognitive th eory was applied to exercise behavior in South Asian college students using persuasion and reinforcement. The results showed decreased stress level by implementing exercise behavior. Similar study by Br et al., (2014) used social cognitive intervention to reduce stress in university students of Hungary. In this study when the students were provided with a credit course of social cognitive intervention, it showed a reduction in mental distress. The intervention was related to provision of information such as stress reduction by use of the psychoactive substance, development of skills for reducing stress, improving communication and problem solving skills. Prior to the intervention students mental stress was assessed and compared to the results obtained after intervention. The results showed moderate but significant reduction in psychological distress. Therefore, this study implied that social cognitive theory can be integrated as a course curriculum for education in higher students. Icek Ajen proposed the Theory of planned Behavior or TPB. The theory explains human behavior and perceived behavioural control. According to this theory, an individuals behaviours and intentions are shaped by the three components, which are perceived behavioural control, subjective norms and attitude towards behavior (Ajzen, 2011). The available literature shows the application of TBP in predicting human intentions in health related field such as diet, exercise, and leisure. It has been used for developing intervention strategies by using behavioural constructs of TPB. For eliciting behavioural change in health, it is necessary to measure knowledge, self-efficacy, behavioural control, and intentions (De Leeuw et al., 2015). The cause of stress among university stress is related to low self-efficacy, and lack of self-control. Students who can feel that particular activity is achievable it determines their intention (Li et al., 2012). For example, intention to exercise depends on their attitude towards it (it I pleasant exercising next week), subjective norms (my parents feel I should exercise next week) and perceived behavioural control (I dont know if it is possible but I want to exercise next week). Perceived behavioural control in many cases has been used a predictor of willingness among university students to seek professional help during stress. It was found that the willingness was strong when the student had previous counselling experiences (Nam et al., 2013). Australian universities are witnessing growing rate of international student enrolment. Various international students studying in Australia reported tress and other emotional issues as major obstacle in studying. The concerning issues behin d stress involve cultural shock, financial crisis, family separation, and language barrier (Bexley et al., 2013). Therefore, Montano and Kasprzyk (2015) applied the TPB as framework to investigate the help seeking behavior in these students while addressing the adjustment issues and utilization of their campus counselling services. The theory has helped to identify various factors inhibiting resolution of stressful situation that assist in developing interventions to reduce stress among the students. Considering the perceived behavioural factors several researchers have examined the impact of particular behaviour and special skills on an individuals behavior that may not be under their control (Ajzen, 2011). Nam et al., (2013) studied help seeking behaviour of university students in stress using TPB. Majority of the respondents showed willingness to reduce stress consulting a psychiatrist. Similar studies were conducted with non-depressed students. They were exposed to the vignette of the depressed people. They were later asked if they were in the similar position would they like to see mental health services. Majority of the participants agreed to consult psychiatrist in such situations. Ability of most of the university students to overcome stress is the outcome of their control beliefs and behaviour. Those unable to reduce stress seeking professional help was mainly the lack of help seeking intentions (Li et al., 2014). Louis et al., (2009) tend to address the stress among university situations by predicting the intention to eat unhealthy food which further increases the stress level this is attenuated with the subjective norms and perceived behavioural control. The strength of the application of SCT is that an individual can be made to proactively engage in personal development. All it needs is to enable them to practice and control their thoughts and feelings so as to bring adaptation and change. However, its limitations include. However, it is difficult to apply theory in its entirety as it lacks one unifying principle. It is highly likely to focus on concept such self-efficacy (Schunk Usher, 2012). The strength of TPB includes provision of constructs (attitudes, perceived power and control) based on which it is easy to determine an individuals control over the behaviour responsible for a phenomenon say stress. However, the limitation of TPB is that it does not explain how to develop skills to reduce mental depression, state of anxiety and stress. The theory fails to understand that the behaviour can change over time. The theory only assumes that the behaviour of human is the result of linear decision-making process criticised (Ajzen, 20 11). Moreover, the construct of perceived behavioural control is an added construct of the theory but it does not address the time frame between the intention and the behavioural action. It also does not explain the actual control over behaviour. Conclusion There is a great body of literature showing successful application of SCT in reducing stress among university students. However, there is a lack of data on application of SCT on teachers to modify their teaching skills and its effect on reducing stress among students. This area may need intense research. The studies using TPB helped to develop interventions such as health eating, exercises and tendency to seek professional mental help for students in mental stress by analysing their intention and subjective norms. However, due to the limitations of TPB there are fewer studies on reducing stress in university students. It has only helped in developing interventions by predicting behaviour rather than explaining the way to change the behaviour making SCT is more effective in this context. References Ajzen, I. (2011). The theory of planned behaviour: reactions and reflections.Psychology health,26(9), 1113-1127. Bexley, E., Daroesman, S., Arkoudis, S., James, R. (2013). University Student Finances in 2012: A Study of the Financial Circumstances of Domestic and International Students in Australia's Universities.Centre for the Study of Higher Education. Br, ., Veres-Balajti, I., dny, R., Ksa, K. (2014). Social cognitive intervention reduces stress in Hungarian university students.Health promotion international, dau006. Burnett, A. J., Smith, T. M. E., Wessel, M. T. (2016). Use of the Social Cognitive Theory to Frame University Students Perceptions of Cheating.Journal of Academic Ethics,14(1), 49-69. De Leeuw, A., Valois, P., Ajzen, I., Schmidt, P. (2015). Using the theory of planned behavior to identify key beliefs underlying pro-environmental behavior in high-school students: Implications for educational interventions.Journal of Environmental Psychology,42, 128-138. Haider, T., Sharma, M., Bernard, A. (2012). Using social cognitive theory to predict exercise behavior among south Asian college students.Journal of Community Medicine Health Education,2012. Li, W., Dorstyn, D. S., Denson, L. A. (2014). Psychosocial correlates of college students help-seeking intention: A meta-analysis.Professional Psychology: Research and Practice,45(3), 163. Louis, W. R., Chan, M. K. H., Greenbaum, S. (2009). Stress and the theory of planned behavior: Understanding healthy and unhealthy eating intentions.Journal of Applied Social Psychology,39(2), 472-493. Montano, D. E., Kasprzyk, D. (2015). Theory of reasoned action, theory of planned behavior, and the integrated behavioral model.Health behavior: Theory, research and practice (. Nam, S. K., Choi, S. I., Lee, J. H., Lee, M. K., Kim, A. R., Lee, S. M. (2013). Psychological factors in college students' attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help: A meta-analysis.Professional Psychology: Research and Practice,44(1), 37. Rosenthal, T. L., Zimmerman, B. J. (2014).Social learning and cognition. Academic Press. Schofield, M. J., O'Halloran, P., McLean, S. A., Forrester?Knauss, C., Paxton, S. J. (2016). Depressive Symptoms Among Australian University Students: Who Is at Risk?.Australian Psychologist,51(2), 135-144. Schunk, D. H., Usher, E. L. (2012). Social Cognitive Theory and.APA educational psychology handbook,1. Swearer, S. M., Wang, C., Berry, B., Myers, Z. R. (2014). Reducing Bullying: application of social cognitive theory.Theory Into Practice,53(4), 271-277.

Portrayal Of Reality In Great Gatsby Essays - The Great Gatsby

Portrayal Of Reality In Great Gatsby Mr. Gordan, an esteemed English teacher, once said Literature is Life. I had not been able to grasp the reality of those words until I read The Great Gatsby . After reading The Great Gatsby, I understand that literature is written through inspiration from our daily lives. In this novel, F. Scott Fitzgerald portrays the themes of morality and life versus illusion. Through his excellent writing techniques, Fitzgerald reduces most of the characters of the novel as seemingly obsessed with material possessions, petty, and selfish. Theses characterizations are portrayed because of the realness of human nature. Fitzgerald uses contrasting morals and values of the characters to show the true disparity in human nature. Nick's characteristics are completely incompatible with Tom's. Since Nick has a strong foundation and is honest, he is thus very faithful. His faithfulness and loyalty is apparent when he attends and organizes Gatsby's funeral. On the other hand, Tom is unfaithful and dishonest. He is dishonest with Daisy and Myrtle. He also shows his unfaithfulness when he is not present at the birth of his daughter. In addition, Fitzgerald also uses Tom and Gatsby to show the sentimental disparity. Gatsby is a dreamer and a romantic man, who by following his dreams, went from rags to riches. He is proud of the fact that he has been able to accumulate his wealth independently, despite the fact that it is hinted that much of his money was earned illegally. Tom, on the other hand, is a realist and a straightforward man. He does not dream, as Gatsby does; he merely acts on his instincts. He has n ot earned his great wealth: he has inherited it. In spite of the fact, that all of the main characters in The Great Gatsby have very different personalities; they are however all affected by money. Some characters, like Gatsby and Tom Buchanan, have money, and are very expressive with it. Other characters, such as Myrtle, lust for money. Essentially being of the middle class, Myrtle's attraction to Tom is not based on love or affection. Rather, Tom represents something that Myrtle has never had : endless wealth; and with this Myrtle correlates happiness. Fitzgerald uses the lust for money in his novel because it is one thing that almost everybody in the world lusts for. He also tries to use the prejudices against rich as being flamboyant and superficial to create a contempt against Tom Buchanan and Daisy. However, these prejudices might have some truth or reality to them as Fitzgerald shows it in the end through Nick's judgment. Fitzgerald also adds a dash of reality to his novel when Gatsby doesn't achieve his dream of winning Daisy back from Tom. In this case, the strong, bullying character of Tom represents reality, and with his powerful nature he easily squashes any hopes that Gatsby may have of a relationship with Daisy. This shows that sometimes dreams don't come true, as opposed to the fairy tale version of ?. and they lived happily everafter. Although, Fitzgerald may despise all that the American dream stands for, he more importantly illustrates that it is not always easy to obtain it. The novel ends with the death of Gatsby. This may seem surprising to the reader, as Fitzgerald seems to have built Gatsby up as being one of the true heroes of the novel. However, Fitzgerald understands that reality is often very harsh to dreamers, a central quality in Gatsby's character. The death of Gatsby, and the unaffected life of Tom after both Gatsby's and Myrtle's death is testament to the fact that illusion is often shattered when confronted with reality. Rather than this fact detracting from Gatsby's character; the reader, however, supports the image of Gatsby all the more: a man who has died while in pursuit of something worthy. This alternative is far better than any other solutions. If Gatsby had not died, then he would have been desperate and desolute. In addition, Tom would have had the upper hand and would have only enlarged his own ego. Fitzgerald ends the novel with another reality. He shows that Gatsby's life had no worth if measured with how many real friends

The Aztecs Essays - Aztec Gods, Aztec Society, Aztec, Civilizations

The Aztecs The Aztec Indians, who are known for their domination of southern and central Mexico, ruled between the 14th and 16th centuries. Their name is derived from Azatlan, the homeland of the north. The Aztecs also call themselves Mexica and there language came from the Nahuatlan branch of the Uto-Aztecan family. The Aztecs were formed after the Toltec civilization occurred when hundreds of civilians came towards Lake texcoco. Late families were unfortunate and were forced to go to the swamp lands. In the swamp lands there was only one piece of land to farm on and it was totally surrounded by more marshes . The Aztec families some how converted these disadvantages to a might empire known as they Aztec Empire. People say the empire was partially formed by a deeply believed legend. As the the legend went it said that Aztec people would create a empire on in a swampy place where they would see an eagle eating a snake while perched on a cactus which is growing out of a rock in the swamplands. This is what priests claimed they saw while entering the new land. By the year 1325 Their capital city was finished. They called it Tenochtitlan. In the the capital city aqueducts (piping) were constructed, bridges were built, and chinapas were made. Chinapas were little islands formed by pilled up mud. On these chinapas Aztecs grew corn, beans, chili peppers, squash, tomatoes, and tobacco. Tenochtitlan (the capital city) was covered in giant religious statues in order to pay their respects to the gods. In the Aztec religion numerous gods controlled an Aztec's daily life. Some of these gods include: Uitzilpochtli (the sun god), Coyolxauhqui (the moon goddess), Tlaloc (the rain god), and Quetzalcoatl (the inventor of the calendar and writing). Another part of the Aztec religion was human sacrifices. For their sacrifices the priest would lay the man or woman over a convex (rounded) stone, then he would take a sharp knife and cut the victims heart out. They did this because they believed that good gods could prevent bad gods from doing evil things and they also believed that good gods got their strength from human blood and hearts so they had sacrifices in order to keep their gods strong. For major rituals warriors were sacrificed, for the warrior this was one of the greatest honors and for minor rituals prisoners were used. In an Aztec marriage the grooms shirt is tied to the brides dress in order to express there bonding and after the wedding incents were burned for 4 days before proceeding with the marriage. In 1519 Hernando Cortes, a Spanish explorer, led over 500 men into Aztec territory to search for gold. Aztecs thought he was a representative for a certain white skinned god so they respected him. It all changed when the Aztecs saw that Hernando was melting down their golden statues and shipping them back to Spain. The Aztecs decided to attack Hernando and his men. The Aztecs were successful and drove the Spanish away. In 1520 the Spanish attacked the Aztec's capital city and destroyed their civilization. That was the end of the Aztec's mighty empire had built so long ago. Work Cited 1) ?Aztec Indians?. Young Students Learning Library. 1993 2) Encarta ?96. CD-ROM. U.S. Microsoft, 1996 .

Free Essays on ManMirror

â€Å"Oh would some Power the giftie give us To see ourselves as others see us! ‘It would from many a blunder free us, And foolish notion.† ~ Robert Burns The lyrics of â€Å"Man in the Mirror† sung by Michael Jackson, written to examine how one can make a difference, but a closer look into the concept of self- awareness really starts with the age-old question, â€Å"Who am I?† Johari’s Window is based on the principle that of all the things about us that exist can be found through positive and honest information. The theory consists of four windowpanes. This visual is monumental in grasping the true message of observation and trust, or does it? Johari’s first pane, â€Å"the arena,† embraces the notion that if I tell you about me and you tell me about you, this shared information is the basis for all our mutual dealings with each other. This comfort zone provides effective communication, by trusting, understanding and confronting issues â€Å"the arena† is maximized. The larger the area, the more it dominates negative panes in his window. The second pane believes that some information will be known to us but not to the people we deal with. This is the pane, better known as â€Å"Mask,† encourages us to engage in game playing, trickery, and the like. The larger this pane, the less chance we have of developing true relationships with others because such relationships are usually based heavily on trust. Pane three is potentially dangerous because there is information known by others, that we do not know about ourselves. Called the â€Å"Blind- spot,† we risk exposing weakness not known to us and can be exploited by others. Finally the forth pane, â€Å"the great unknown,† describes a special place that is secret. It is a source, for the most part, of personal creativity and other resources, which we may never have even suspected. Although one might see this theory as the least threatening, it real... Free Essays on ManMirror Free Essays on ManMirror â€Å"Oh would some Power the giftie give us To see ourselves as others see us! ‘It would from many a blunder free us, And foolish notion.† ~ Robert Burns The lyrics of â€Å"Man in the Mirror† sung by Michael Jackson, written to examine how one can make a difference, but a closer look into the concept of self- awareness really starts with the age-old question, â€Å"Who am I?† Johari’s Window is based on the principle that of all the things about us that exist can be found through positive and honest information. The theory consists of four windowpanes. This visual is monumental in grasping the true message of observation and trust, or does it? Johari’s first pane, â€Å"the arena,† embraces the notion that if I tell you about me and you tell me about you, this shared information is the basis for all our mutual dealings with each other. This comfort zone provides effective communication, by trusting, understanding and confronting issues â€Å"the arena† is maximized. The larger the area, the more it dominates negative panes in his window. The second pane believes that some information will be known to us but not to the people we deal with. This is the pane, better known as â€Å"Mask,† encourages us to engage in game playing, trickery, and the like. The larger this pane, the less chance we have of developing true relationships with others because such relationships are usually based heavily on trust. Pane three is potentially dangerous because there is information known by others, that we do not know about ourselves. Called the â€Å"Blind- spot,† we risk exposing weakness not known to us and can be exploited by others. Finally the forth pane, â€Å"the great unknown,† describes a special place that is secret. It is a source, for the most part, of personal creativity and other resources, which we may never have even suspected. Although one might see this theory as the least threatening, it real...

Case Study 2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Case Study 2 - Assignment Example This can be achieved through advertising an attribute of the brand in the form of a campaign. According to the case study, Cingular used Virtual Laguna Beach in order to promote the aspect of communication. This aspect acted a form of promotion which comprised of information from diverse social events. Through these interactions, the users received bonus rewards including VoIP access, cell phone animation and skins for instant-messaging players. On the other hand, Pepsi increased their in-world skills through publishing an in-world ‘zine that offers new areas in the world. This has enabled users to rack up MTV dollars for the Pepsi-branded items and other in-world purchases (Klaassen, 2007). Lastly, Secret extended its campaign through virtual booths whereby avatars aired some of their secrets for a chance to win a virtual cash prize. This case study also highlights that this scheme does not have a business model. However, the MTV network has a plan to charge for its integration into Virtual Laguna Beach. This case study also reveals brand interaction should entail a reward especially in the virtual world (Klaassen, 2007). This is because most visitors in Virtual Laguna Beach are usually exposed to these brands hence; they interact voluntarily just like in the real world. The second case study talks about the Bank of America. In most financial services that are provided all over the world, online banking is considered as a major breakthrough in the innovation sector. In 2005, the Bank of America came up with a different and radical product which broke the paradigm. Scholars assert that the online banking service concept is used to solve some of the contemporary banking issues. For example, it enables consumers to open new accounts. This concept operates in a peculiar manner such that when a consumer buys anything using the BoFA Visa Debit Card, the bank usually rounds off the figure to the nearest buck and

Case study, starbucks corporation Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

, starbucks corporation - Case Study Example The mission statement of a company is a very important tool in its marketing. Starbucks mission states "to inspire and nurture the human spirit-one person, one cup and one neighborhood at a time" (Grundey, 2010). In other words, the company did not focus on serving great coffee but to have the customers engaged at emotional level. As explained by one of the company’s most successful managers, one that saw the most positive change in the success of the company, Starbucks was not in the coffee business to serve people but in the people business to serve coffee (Levi & Linton, 2003). In other words, the company sought to create a home away from home such that people had another place other than their workplace or their home where they could socialize and share their experiences as they drunk excellent coffee. It puts a lot of emphasis on sourcing the best coffee from the market. The company promoted not only the lives of those who supplied the coffee but roasted the coffee to ensure that its quality was superb. Maintaining topnotch quality coffee berries and proper manufacturing meant that people could bet on continued quality of the drink. That way, the stores remained favorite spots for the people. Starbucks also focused on employee involvement. In other words, there had to be a good environment for the customers whenever they visited the coffee shop. For this reason, the employees had to be excellent team members and had to be above average in terms of customer relations. Unlike most companies today, Starbucks did not focus on profits only. The company takes seriously the virtue of good neighborhood. In the stores, it did not matter the customers background or their color of the skin. Starbucks focused on being good to the community at large and to bring together partners, customers, and the whole community. Starbucks strategies had a lot of impact on the performance of the company. It is normal for some companies

Strategic marketing options for energy service companies in Singapore Essay

Strategic marketing options for energy service companies in Singapore - Essay Example Electricity is the lifeline of all business and individual activities and ESCOs help in finding the means and ways of using minimum of this input to generate maximum revenue. Singapore has high potential for renewable energy (RE) and energy efficiency but the need of the hour is to prepare the road for future needs when demand will surpass the supply. No country can depend on supplies of diesel and petrol, as these resources are limited and renewable energy resources are the only alternative to keep the world move fast on the road to economic growth. In Singapore, the three reasons to opt for renewable energy and energy efficiency are environment constraints, dwindling coal, natural gas and oil prices, and incapacity to generate thermal or nuclear power for industry use. Solar energy has huge potential but there are challenges too. Solar capacity and demand both need to be increased, as 1 MW= 5 acres of land. Depending on solar energy is an issue, as we cannot depend totally on renewable; coal, nuclear, and natural gas is must to keep the lights glow but the good thing is that solar energy can be stored too (Gabriel, R. W. Beck Inc. Electric Cities Confe rence). Singapore is collectively marching ahead to make advances in the renewable energy with regional and international bodies. According to the ASEAN Plan of Action for Energy Cooperation (APAEC) for 2004-2009, one of its objectives has been to formulate and maintain continuous progress on the front of renewable energy and relevant technologies. Different strategies of the RE programme include formulating a policy framework the action for which needs to set renewable energy targets, capacity building and effective communication among the stakeholders. Information network should be developed to promote RE. Bio-mass based and bio-fuels development demand heavy investment in technological research and development. According to Khew (2007) Chairman, Sustainable Energy

Factors That Influence Person Self Concept Sociology Essay

Factors That Influence Person Self Concept Sociology Essay I have been asked to reassess a case study on Isaac Barlow and Zac Barlow. In my assessment I shall include aspects that influenced the brothers self concept. Also, I shall include an outline how these factors can influence the growth of their self esteem. Finally, I shall include an explanation on how these factors can influence the development of their self concept. (P3) State factors that influence an individuals self-concept and give a clear and full account of the factors that might have influenced the brothers self-concept. I shall state the factors that influence an individuals self-concept and I will give a clear and full account of the factors that might have influenced the brothers self-concept. Factors that can influence an individuals self-concept are education, media, appearance, culture, abuse, relationships, gender, income and age. Education: Education can influence an individuals self-concept by having supportive teaching staff who continues to encourage a student to keep up the good work. Also, another factor that can influence an individuals self-concept is the lack of employment due to having a poor education. Education can impact on a persons self-esteem if they cannot get into employment and the person will get a negative self-image and low self-esteem. Media: Media can influence an individuals self-concept through provision of educational sources such as, promoting enrolment on academic courses and information on current situation happening in our society. A further reason that can influence an individuals self-concept is displaying of images of models or celebrities being underweight. For example, pictures of Victoria Beckham and Nicole Richie. Appearance: Appearance can affect an individuals self-concept both constructively and harmfully. For example, appearance constructive influence will be pictures displayed by sports encouraging individuals to keep up a healthy lifestyle. Further to point, appearance can have a negative influence on a persons life through advertising photos of underweight models and this can influence young women to try to seem very thin. Culture: Culture is a belief that you have or self values. This can influence our self concept if we do not endorse other individuals culture. Cultural diversity can have a positive influence if we embrace the differences of others, but if differences are used to discriminate against others, its harmful. Example req. Also, this can be the way you were brought up by your parents or a guardian. Abuse: There are different types of abuse; they are physical, emotional, neglect and sexual. These or any type of abuse can be detrimental to a person, however, abuse can influence a person if they have been neglected and they will develop a low self esteem. In addition, a person has been neglected may feel socially excluded and may suffer from mental health conditions. Relationships: Relationship can influence an individuals self concept if you do not have a supportive family, peers. This will may lead the individual to have a negative self concept with socialisation. Furthermore, having high expectations can also have a negative self concept of an individual, additionally if the person has been compared to other peer groups or siblings can have a negative influence. Gender: Gender is characterised by being a man or woman. This categorisation can influence a persons self-concept of stereotyping job roles for both genders. For example, men should play football and women should stay at home and cook the meals also take care of the children. Finally, I believe that these factors may influence an individuals self-concept everyone should be treated equally regardless of their gender. Income: Income can influence individual self concept if they do not have enough income they may be despair that they cannot afford to live a normal life. For example, with insufficient low income a person cannot maintain their lifestyle factors, such as paying their rent, afford heating facilities within their home plus have a balance diet. Age: It can be said that self-concept can fluctuate throughout different life stages, for example. Also, age can influence a persons self concept during childhood and adolescent development. Through comprehending his ideal self receiving peer pressure. Self concept is the way an individual visualise them self. For example, self concept can be very influential in the way we see our self; by receiving critical comments by peers or family member, which can cause low self esteem. Self concept is made up of factors such as self image, ideal self and self esteem. Haworth et al (2010) suggests that there are numerous factors that can affect your self- concept. They are age, education, media, appearance, culture, abuse, relationships, gender, and income. These factors are also known as socioeconomic factors. (M2) Outline how factors can influence the development of an individuals self-concept, or Outline how the factors that influenced the brothers self-concept. (D1) Describe how the factors influenced the brothers self-concept. Factors that influenced Zac Barlow self-concept Age: During Zacs infancy years he was unable to distinguish what gender he was. During Zacs childhood years he was able to distinguish his family. During he was able to identify that he was a student and what year he was in school and able to identify his likes and dislikes. He was able to tell who is friends were and express his emotions. During adolescent life stage he was able to compare himself with others and express his relationship with peers. Also, he was able to describe his beliefs and acknowledge what is right from what is wrong. During his adulthood life stage he should become more confident within his personal relationship and establish himself within a particular career. Appearance: Zacs appearance seems to have been influence negatively, because he was not interested in sports. This may have impacted on him because within the norms males are expected to do physical activities. Also, this will have an impact on his self esteem, although his self image might be different on what others think about him. He may not feel attracted to form any relationship with the opposite sex at school because of his appearance. Moreover, his self concept may decrease due to how others perceive him. He had a very thin physique which might be an influence from the media. He may be affected by his appearance. His appearance may affect by how he attires or carries himself and called gay; he may feel within his ideal self that he is gay. Also, hearing negative words all the time can make him believe whatever they mimic him and this will lead to negative social interaction with his peers. Media: The media may have an impact on how he feels about himself. Media may impact on his appearance. May has impacted the way he feels about himself or may have an impact on his image which may encourage him to keep his body built. Contribute to self concept development; social, academic, emotional physical may impact on his appearance which is his ideal self. Media can also provide positive educational opportunities which can help to develop a persons academic growth. Culture: He believes he was the norm. In the western culture boys meant to be masculine and girls meant to be feminine. His culture can be influenced by his family also by his peers. He did not have a girlfriend at school plus how he was brought up might impact on his self esteem. Gender: He was male. He meant to have masculine physiques. He faces gender stereotype because he was not taking part in sport activity at school. Because of his gender stereotype it decreases his academic performance at school. At a certain age people can identify or chose which group to follow so he hangs out with older boys. Education: He was influenced by his parents to study because he did not have a choice. He was influenced by teachers, peers and parents to study. May start to compare himself with his peers including siblings. Receiving additional support from the school could help to develop his self concept. Being compared to other pupils or siblings can affect his views on himself. Been teased Zac may feel unwanted and be ashamed of who he is as a person and as a part of that he would have a low self esteem which he may possibly continue through to adulthood. This may also affect his relationships and employment prospects. Constant teasing can affect Zac overall mood and that is why he was unsociable. Because of this he may lose interest in sports activities and was able to build a relationship with older boys. He will also develop mental health issues such as depression and anxiety. He may feel reluctant to try and build relationships with his peers. Being teased can also has a significant consequence on his academic performance, reason being, he has been teased and this will make him divert from paying attention on his studies. This will have a result on his academic study by not making it into six forms or college. Also because he has been teased he did not want to take part in certain lessons. There is no indication of how long the teasing took place but there was speculations of Zac being bullied by his peers. Additionally, if he have been bullied this will show signs that his teasing was going on for a while then potentially lead to bullying. Furthermore, this will allow Zac to be in fear and have a negative self-concept about himself or have a negative self-image, self-esteem, self-value and ideal self. These mental scars can affect Zac in both past and present conduct and decrease his chance of academic and psychological hardship throughout school and into adulthood. Income: He was raised in a middle class family. So his parents had enough money to live an above normal lifestyle. Having brought up in a middle class family, would mean that some of his needs were financially. Also, been used to a lot of money during his development he may be used to materialistic things. He may influence to steal because he cannot afford his lifestyle needs which can have a negative self image. Relationship: There are different types of relationships, which are family, mutual, ect. He did not have a good relationship with his peers because they taunted him. He did not have good relationship with school staff as he always gets into trouble at school He may introvert his social behaviour. He did not have a good relationship with his parents as he has been neglected and he would not speak to them. He did not have good social interaction with any of his peers family and staff at school. He develops relationship with older boys as they share similar value this will strengthen his self concept and extrovert his social conduct. Abuse: He was verbally abused by peers which will have an emotional impact on his self esteem. He was neglected by his parents, for example, his emotional needs were neglected. He may be abuse by the older boys which influenced him to smoke because he was vulnerable. He may be stereotyped because of his role of his gender, for instance, males meant to be muscular and females were meant to be gorgeous. Factors that influence Isaac Barlow self-concept Age: Isaac self-concept changes throughout his life. Age: He is the eldest of his siblings. Appearance: Media: Culture: Gender: Education: Income: Relationship: Abuse: Self-image: this is how a person thinks about or see them self. Ideal self: this is what you would like to be Self-esteem: this is how you value yourself. Conclusion

Labeling theory Essay

Please complete the following exercises, remembering that you are in an academic setting and should remain unbiased, considerate, and professional when completing this worksheet. Part I Select three of the identity categories below and name or describe at least 3 related stereotypes for each: †¢ Race †¢ Ethnicity †¢ Religion †¢ Gender †¢ Sexual orientation †¢ Age †¢ Disability. |Category |Stereotype 1 |Stereotype 2 |Stereotype 3 | |Race |Asians are genuises |African Americans are amazing at |All white people are racist | | | |all sports | | |Gender |Woman are moody |Women can’t drive |Men are rude | |Disability |Disabled people are not smart |Disabled are weak |Disabled need help with everything| Part II Answer each question in 50 to 100 words related to those stereotypes. Provide citations for all the sources you use. What are the positive aspects of stereotypes, if any? o I do not think that there any positive aspects of stereotypes. I know that there are positive stereotypes, but in general stereotypes are opinions and are negative most of the time. Just about every stereotype that is out there is offensive to someone and can hurt someones feelings. For example, a stereotype that hurts me is my weight. People automatically assume that since I am heavier that I am lazy and do not take care of myself or my kids and that is far from being true. What are the negative aspects of stereotypes? o There are many different negative aspects of stereotypes. One negative aspect is that a lot of stereotypes are highly offensice to some people and can cause people to become upset or angry. Another negative aspect is that as long as we have stereotypes people are going to continue being prejudice. Part III Answer each question in 50 to 150 words related to those stereotypes. Provide citations for all the sources you use. Define stereotypes and prejudice. What is the difference between stereotyping and prejudice? Use examples to illustrate the differences. o Stereotypes are unreliable assumptions that are made towards a certain group without taking individual differences into mind. Prejudice is simply a negative attitude towards a group of people. The difference between prejudice and stereotypes is that stereotypes are made towards everyone involved in a certain group whether the opinion be positive or negative stereotypes links everyone in that group to be the same even though they are not. For example, a stereotype would be something like saying all gay guys are wimps. Prejudice on the otherhand is completely negative and affects an entire group such as a racial or religious group. An example of prejudice would be something like someone saying they hate all African Americans because their skin is a different color. What is the relationship between stereotyping and prejudice? o The relationship between stereotyping and prejudice is that both of them affect an entire group of people without taking into consideration the individual differences. Prejudice is the beginning circle of this negativity. People are prejudice and split different people into different groups. Once this is done stereotyping comes into play where people sort those groups into smaller categories by making opinions of the groups without seeing the differences. What can be done to prevent prejudice from occurring? o There are a few different ways that we can try and prevent prejudice from occurring. One way is education and research. If people took more time to learn about different people and the diversity that we have in this world I think that they would see all of the interesting things in others and would help prevent some of the prejudice. Another way that we can try and prevent prejudice is by eliminating stereotypes and not labeling people.

British Management Theory and Practice the Impact of Fayol

Ian Smith, Trevor Boyns, (2005),†British management theory and practice: the impact of Fayol†, Management Decision, Vol. 43 Iss: 10 pp. 1317 – 1334 This paper re-examines the impact of Fayol’s work on theory and practice of management in Britain, first, in the interwar period and second, in the post-war period of 1945 to the late 1960s. Lyndall Urwick, a respected British management thinker and writer described Fayol as â€Å"the most distinguished figure which Europe contributed to the management movement up to the end of the first half of the present century†(Smith I, Boyns T, 2005) in Urwick’s publishes and translated speeches.Urwick supported Fayol’s general principles of management ensuring an influence on post-war British management theories known as the neoclassical school during the 1950s. Fayol’s principles took place among theories within scientific management bundle which offered an intelligent inputs coupled to a genui ne belief in industrial efficiency. Further research into British management practice during that era, Fayol’s influence proved problematic due to the emphasis of British management on pragmatism and narrow focus on control which allowed little, if any, accommodation for Fayol’s model.Twenty years or so after Second World War, Fayol’s impact, especially after Urwick’s intervention, was on management theory however not management practice. Since 1970, the focus of management thinking had turned away from the functions of management towards to understanding management and managing through an examination of what managers do. This article concludes whether Henri Fayol’s contribution is relevant today. This suggests that the history academics realized his work had significantly contributed to the study in management today, and Fayol’s ideas continued to be more influential in the realm of theory than practice in Britain.

Baby Talk Essays

Baby Talk Essays Baby Talk Essay Baby Talk Essay believes that baby talk is good for infants. She states that infants respond to the facial expressions, can differentiate between sounds better, and have enough to process already so baby talk is the best thing for them in the first few months of infants lives. Dry. Golfing stresses that talking baby talk to your children, right after birth through the first few months of their life, is DOD for the child because the child will respond better to the baby talk. Parents will open their eyes and over accentuate their mouth which will get the child interested. Researchers have also found that baby talk can help infants differentiate between sounds. While talking directly to the infant a parent will use a higher pitched voice. On the other hand, if the infant is in the room while the parents are talking to each other, they will probably be talking in a lower, more natural tone and the infant will be able to tell the difference between those. When baby talk is used by a parent, mailer words are usually spoken to the infant. IOW are such a pretty baby, is a common phrase that parents say to their children. This phrase is made up of smaller words, that arent too complex. Dry. T. Berry Beaverton believes that it is easier for infants to understand baby talk. Using less complex words and phrases makes it easier for the infant to process the information. At this stage in an infants life, everything is new. Adding complex words and phrases makes it ha rder for the child to understand and process what you are trying to tell them, because they are also ring to process everything else that is going on around them. A question of concern from a soon-to-be new parent sent in to this company about this article was, If you talk to your children with baby talk, wont they grow up talking like babies? Dry. Golfing believes that this will not happen. She responded with, Baby talk naturally stops as the child gets older and is able to better communicate with the parent, she explains. You Just naturally adjust. At age three, youre not doing it. This question is a big concern for new parents. They do not know if they should be talking to their new born babies this way because they do not want their children growing up and becoming illiterate. In the article, the author relies on the research done on the subject, and keeps her own personal biases out of the article. I think this makes the article better than if she would have included her personal bias. I think that she does this so that the article is strictly based on research. I believe she wanted to get the facts across and not Just what different people think about the subject. I also think he uses strictly research because as I mentioned before, this is a topic many parents are interested in. It is good for parents to know that it has been proven that using baby talk is good for your child. While I dont think this is a big controversial topic that every parent brings up, I do think it is a good fact for parents to know. With so many peoples opinions coming out about how using baby talk to your infant makes them illiterate, it is beneficial for a parent to know it is actually healthy for their child to be talked to in that way. It is also important for parents to know that not using

Global Warming Is Not Caused by Humans Essay Example

Global Warming Is Not Caused by Humans Essay Example Global Warming Is Not Caused by Humans Paper Global Warming Is Not Caused by Humans Paper There are many scientists who say that humans are the cause of global warming. With all the talk about green house gases going up and the amount of emissions that humans are putting into the atmosphere, not very many people talk about the other side of the story. By proving that humans are not the Cause of Global warming people will better understand what really is causing global warming. There are three very important points that one needs to look at when discussing the issue of global warming. One is ICC concentrations are not very high at all. The second is that solar cycles cause eating on not only earth but other planets. The last would be that global warming Of the earth is a natural cycle that the earth goes through and has been going through for many years. It is very easy to get caught up in the global warming talk. One of the biggest issues is that of carbon dioxide. People claim that carbon dioxide is the main cause of global warming but carbon dioxide concentrations are not all that high. People have studied that historically there has been much more carbon dioxide in our atmosphere than there is today for example: During the Jurassic Period, 200 million years ago, average ICC concentrations were bout 1 800 pump or about 4. 7 times higher than today. The highest concentrations of ICC during all of the Paleozoic Era occurred during the Cambrian Period, nearly 7000 pump about 18 times higher than today (Global Warming Introduction). The Carboniferous Period and the Ordination Period were the only geological periods during the Paleozoic Era when global temperatures were as low as they are today (Global Warming, Introduction). : To the concern of global warming proponents, the Late Ordination Period was also an Ice Age while at the same time ICC concentrations then were nearly 12 times higher than today 4400 pump. According to greenhouse theory, Earth should have been exceedingly hot. Instead, global temperatures were no warmer than today. With these facts there has to be other factors besides atmospheric carbon influencing earths temperatures and global warming. Plus Carbon dioxide is such a small component of Earths atmosphere that it is only about 0. 04% of all gases in the atmosphere. In the last 600 million years of Earths history only the Carboniferous Period and our present age, the Quaternary Period, have witnessed ICC levels less than 400 pump (Global Warming- Introduction). Scientists fight back saying that the increase in fossil fuels burning are causing the increase in temperature. Humans use of fossil fuels is just a small portion of the carbon dioxide that makes up our atmosphere. Carbon Dioxide from all coal burning worldwide comprises only 0. 013% Of the greenhouse gases in Earths atmosphere (Global Warming- Introduction). This is a very small portion of the Carbon Dioxide that humans contribute to the atmosphere, but what is the percentage of Carbon dioxide contributed by humans to the atmosphere? According to Greatcoat. Com carbon dioxide by human activity is just a minuscule . 17% of the entire atmosphere. There are far too many facts stating that carbon dioxide makes up just a little portion of the atmosphere. With humans only contributing only . 117% carbon dioxide in the entire atmosphere, humans cannot possibly be the cause of global warming. Solar Cycles show proof that humans are not the cause of global warming. Scientists have been observing warming on other planets not just earth. Planetary warming was observed on Mars, Jupiter, Pluto, and Neptune largest moon Triton during decades following the peak of the Solar Grand Maximum (Solar Climate). These same observations are being made on Earth. Having this information how can scientists say that humans are causing global warming when other planets are experiencing the same warming, and humans are not there? According to Nick Frozen on launderers. Mom Pluto is moving further from the sun in its orbit, thus it should be cooling, but instead it is warming. This is one sign that shows that the climate change on Earth is caused by solar cycles. According to Frozen the sun is now changing from its solar Grand Maximum to its solar Grand Minimum. The Earth Heats up after every Grand Maximum lagging a bit after he peak (SolarClimate). Latest science reveals sharp increases in global warming precede sharp increases in carbon dioxide, not the other way around. Global warming causes more carbon dioxide to be released from the oceans (SolarClimate). Current research shows Earths oceans are now beginning to cool Frozen says it is also now clear that temperatures over the last century correlate far better with cycles in oceans than they do with carbon dioxide; and the temperature cycles in the oceans are caused by cycles of the sun In 2005 data from Annas Mars Global Surveyor and Odyssey Missions valued Global Surveyor and Odyssey missions revealed that the carbon dioxide ice Caps near Mars South pole had been diminishing for three summers in a row (National Geographic). Habitual Bodhisattva head of space research at SST. Petersburg Pullout Astronomical Observatory in Russia, says the Mars data is evidence that the current global warming on Earth is being caused by changes in the sun. The long-term increase in solar radiance is heating both Earth and Mars, he said (National Geographic). Bodhisattva believes that changes in the suns heat output can account for almost all the climate changes scientists have seen on both planets. Mars and Earth for instance, have experienced periodic ice ages throughout their histories (National Geographic). Abductors says that man-made greenhouse warming has made a small contribution to the warming seen on Early in recent years, but it cannot compete with the increase in solar radiance (National Geographic). Abductors research proves that humans are not the cause of global warming. Science Daily shows A study in the July 2002 issue of Journal of Geophysical Research-Space Physics, published by the American Geophysical Union, proposes for the first time that interstellar cosmic rays could be the missing link between the discordant temperatures observed during the last two decades (since recorded satellite records began in 1979). The report, by Fanning You of the State University of New York-Albany, proposes that the rays, tiny charged particles that bombard all planets with varying frequency depending on solar wind intensity, may have height-dependent effects on our planets cloudiness (Science Daily). A systematic change in global cloud cover will change the atmospheric heating profile, You said. In other words, the cosmic ray-induced global cloud hanged could be the long-sought mechanism connecting solar and climate variability (Science Daily). With this discovery scientists are closer to proving that humans are not the cause of global warming. Global warming is a cycle the earth has been going through for many years. There are natural cycles, over which we have no control, that dictate how warm the planet is (Absences). According to research conducted by professor Don Easternmost from Western Washington University last November, the oceans and global temperatures are correlated. The Oceans have a cycle in which they warm ND cool cyclically (Absences). One of the cycles scientists have named the Pacific Decal Oscillation (POD). In April 2008, scientists at Annas Jet Propulsion Laboratory announced that while the La Ina was weakening, the Pacific Decal Oscillation-?a larger-scale, slower-cycling ocean pattern-?had shifted to its cool phase (NASA: POD). The picture to the right shows both the La Nina anomaly and the POD anomaly on a thermal map. For much of the asses and 1 sass it was a positive cycle which means warmer than average. Observations have revealed that global temperatures were warm too Absences). Scientists say that the oceans control a big part of the temperature and climate of every place in the world.

Culture and ethical values Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Culture and ethical values - Essay Example 78). Each individual gives up his own power to the supreme sovereign, the ‘Leviathan’, whose authority is indivisible and unchallengeable. The ethic of self-preservation is the basic tenet of Hobbes’ framework. Because men cannot cooperate amongst themselves, the Leviathan is tasked with the protection of order, and its powers are unlimited. Such is the untrammeled power of the supreme sovereign – whether one man or an assembly – that it exercises the right of censorship over any and all expression and all property is subject to its laws. For Hobbes, â€Å"rebellion is but war renewed† (2005, p. 195); he understands that the Leviathan could very well become tyrannical, yet he maintains that even the worst form of despotism is preferable to the anarchy and chaos of the state of nature. Rebellion against government, thus, is explicitly wrong, not only because it is destined to fail, but also because it sets a poor example (Russell, 2004, p. 506). The only reprieve that Hobbes provides for the citizens of his commonwealth is that of self-defense: self-preservation being the highest goal of an individual, he reserves the right to defend his person. Any other means of resistance to government is culpable. Therefore, we can see that there is a very limited scope in Hobbes’ agenda to rebel against government: essentially, â€Å"Hobbes wants to show why we have to obey† (Harrison, 2003, p. 191). Hobbes’ fascination with authority and the unbridled faith he reposes in the sovereign are products, however, of how he feels a just society and a commodious existence can be best preserved. He â€Å"†¦insists that the natural condition [in the state of nature] is one of liberty, equality, and the most extensive individual rights imaginable. He argues, however, that these free and equal people are in a condition of utter wretchedness and insecurity – not in spite of their liberty and

Business Law Organisations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Business Law Organisations - Essay Example Since â€Å"unfairly prejudicial† is not defined by the Act, this means that there are broad reasons why a minority shareholder may bring a cause of action against a corporation, which effectively negates the constraints established by Foss. This paper will examine Foss, will examine derivative actions, and will examine the Companies Act (2006), concluding that, while Section 260 of the Act does not provide shareholders with any more protection than what was had under Foss, section 994 does provide this protection. Foss v. Harbottle Even though shareholders are effective in holding directors accountable, the UK courts have a common law rule, delineated in Foss v. Harbottle (1840) 67 ER 189. In this case, two minority shareholders accused the defendants, who were the directors of a company called â€Å"Victoria Park Company,† of misapplying land, wasting land and obtaining improper mortgages, without the permission of the shareholders. The court in the Foss case dismisse d the shareholders case, stating that only the company itself has a right to sue the directors. The reasoning for this might be best stated by the court in a subsequent case, Edwards v. Halliwell [1950] 2 All ER 1064. The judge in this case states that the sound reason why minority shareholders cannot bring an action against directors is that, if there is only a minority bringing the case, it would mean that the majority of the company is in favor of what was done. Ramsay & Saunders (2006) state that there are two prongs to the Foss case – one, it established the â€Å"proper plaintiff† who is the company itself; two, it established the principle that directors should be independent and not subject to shareholder meddling into business affairs (Ramsay & Saunders, 2006). There are exceptions to the Foss rule. One is that the company did an illegal or ultra vires act. A shareholder can bring an action on this basis, because the majority cannot ratify an illegal or ultra vires act (Wedderburn, 1957; Cockburn v. Newbridge Sanitary Steam Laundry Co. [1915] 1 IR 237). Another exception is that, if the company takes an action which, in the company’s constitution, requires a â€Å"special majority† to take this action, then a minority shareholder may sue if the company takes this action in contravention to its own constitution (Black, 1983; Edwards v Halliwell [1950] 2 All ER 1064). Berkahn (1998) states that another exception is that a shareholder’s â€Å"personal rights† have somehow been infringed by the corporation, therefore that shareholder has a right to sue for his personal rights infringement (Berkahn, 1998; Pender v Lushington (1877) 6 Ch D 70). Another exception is the â€Å"fraud on the minority† exception, which means that the wrong-doers actions amounts to fraud (Lo, 2004; Atwool v Merryweather (1867) LR 5 EQ 464n). Buckley (1976) states that this last action is the only derivative action of the exceptions , as the first three exceptions involve personal actions. Therefore, according to Maloney (1986), this action is the only true exception to Foss (Maloney, 1986). Statutory Actions Although Foss limited the actions that minority shareholders can take, statutory actions have restored many of the rights of the minority. One is that the Companies Act (2006) has given shareholder permission to bring

Discuss the Role that New Media Tecnologies Play in the Promotion, Essay

Discuss the Role that New Media Tecnologies Play in the Promotion, Exhibition and Display of Contemporary Fashion - Essay Example Then a discussion of the way in which the new forms of media are being used will be made in order to see how advantages of the new technologies are being exploited for the benefit of consumer marketing. This essay will explore the nature of communications as it is experienced between the consumer and the retailer through the event of the window display. The concept of ‘new media’ must be observed as a social term that defines time more than it defines a tangible concept. The new media emerged as communications began to grow in such a way as to change the nature of communication. New media involves digital media, cellular communications, internet interactions, and all of the technologies that are emerging from these forms (Lister 2003, p. 9). However, the concept is more than just the technologies. It is the evolutionary break between the world before the internet and the world that has emerged since its proliferation. The way in which humans now communicate has had an el ementary shift. Communication is accomplished through writing, verbalizing or through interpretation of imagery. Communication is codified with signals that indicate context for the content. The impersonal nature of internet communication has been compensated for by the development of social languages that are in many ways kinder and friendlier than in previous forms of more formal communication. Therefore, the nature of how emotion is indicated in written language has become symbolized through pictorials, shortened references such as lol, meaning laugh out loud, and the use of capital letters or small letters. Furthermore, because of the heavy use of advertising, the way in which movement of digital imagery and impact of colour usage has been defined has changed elements of the way in which... This paper approves that the artistry of the window display is secondary to its initial purpose. A window display is intended to create a piece of marketing for the store in front of which it sits. However, creating a good display window does take artistic skills. The skills are unique in that they involve defining a three dimensional space that is confined to specified measurements. This essay makes a conclusion that the communication of the window in a shop is created through the context in which the images in the window are arranged for the viewing consumer. The connection between the shop and the exterior world is defined by the communication of the window, this conduit providing a discourse about the brand and the wares inside the store. As technologies have changed and evolved into the new media, so has the type of communication that the window has created. The window no longer simply tells a story about what is inside the shop, but it must convince the consumer of the need for the products and provide a symbolic connection to the modern world. While technologies have provided both a conversation about modern culture and methods of expressing modern culture, they have also created a challenge for the window designer. In creating a discourse on fashion, the most effective windows create a commentary on the modern world while promoting lifestyles in that worl d that reflect the aesthetics of the designers of the fashions represented.

Texting While Driving Essay Example for Free

Texting While Driving Essay While the ability to communicate away from our homes or work has become a vital tool to connect with family, friends, and emergency management agencies, it has also evolved into a tool of great danger when used while operating vehicle, particularly texting while driving. Texting while driving has become as dangerous to driver and passenger safety as are people driving under the influence of alcohol or a controlled substance. The number of teens killed because of texting while driving has now surpassed the number killed while driving under the influence of alcohol according to Alcohol Problems and Solutions. The website notes that, â€Å"Driving a vehicle while texting is six times more dangerous Than driving while intoxicated,† according to The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). In a Centers for Disease Control survey conducted on texting while driving, 69% of people owning a cell phone admitted to texting while driving within the 30 days prior to the survey, (CDC). If texting while driving were punishable by law, 69% of all drivers owning a cell phone would be committing a crime. There needs to be strict laws passed in every state that are strictly enforced by law enforcement. Mississippi is one of only nine states that does not have full bans on texting while driving according to a report from MDOT on distracted driving, documented on WLBT Channel 3 News. In states where full texting while driving bans are enforce, the rate of accidents and fatalities has decreased significantly such as in Syracuse, New York where they experienced a 32% decrease in cell phone use and texting (NHTSA). In Hartford, Connecticut they saw a 57% drop in handheld cell phone use and a 72% drop in texting while driving (NHTSA). With these new statistics, NHTSA is planning to expand its campaign to ban cell phone use while driving in a nationwide effort as documented in the journal released in The State of the Nation of Cellphone Distracted Driving from the National Safety Council as posted on their website. In an article titled, Texting While Driving, found in Issues and  Controversies, critics Argue that bans placed on texting while driving are pointless and it is not something easily enforced. The critics believe that it would be easy to mistaken a person simply looking down for someone texting while driving. The supporters of bans on texting while driving feel that the danger is not to the driver that is texting, but to the innocent drivers, passengers, and pedestrians. They believe that the potential danger is equal to that of a drunk driver or someone driving under the influence of a controlled substance. Some alternative solutions could be used instead of full bans on cell phone use while operating a motor vehicle, but few of them offer any real safety measure. It would be possible to write a ban that prohibits cell phone use while driving only and not when at stop signs or red lights for example. However from my own personal experience, particularly being a passenger riding with my husband, even using cell phones while stopped causes safety risks and distractions on the roadway. As a passenger I am usually the one hollering the light is green or there is a car behind us, because he is delayed in his response to the change in the flow of traffic from pausing to use his cell phone. If you are distracted at all while driving you cannot react in a timely manner to the things unfolding around you. For example, if an ambulance or other emergency vehicle needs to pass and you are zoned out, because you are texting at a stop light, then someone needing emergency assistance would delayed in getting the help needed. It all comes down to driver responsibility. If drivers cannot act responsibly behind the wheel then other measures have to be taken such as new laws put in place to protect the innocent people from the irresponsible drivers on the road. If there is anything people are doing to cause a distraction to themselves or another driver, then there should be fines, penalties, and punishments that hold drivers accountable for their actions on the roadways at all times. Works Cited The National Highway Traffic Safety Commission Site. Alcohol Problems and Solutions, 2013. Web. 23 Oct. 2013. Centers for Disease Control Site, www.cdc.gov, 2013. WLBT Channel 3 News Site, MDOT Distracted Driving, 2013 Web. 17 Apr. 2013. National Safety Council Site, The State of the Nation, Cellphone Distracted Driving, 2013 Web. n.d. 2013 Drew Evans personal driving experience used for field research. Issues and Controversies, Texting While Driving, 2010 Web. 11 Oct. 2010

Modern Man - The Unknown Citizen (auden) :: essays research papers

The English-born American writer Wystan Hugh Auden was one of the most important poets of the 20th century. Educated at Oxford, he attracted attention as a prominent member of a group of young leftist writers who generally expressed a socialist viewpoint. The poem I have chosen for this essay is "The Unknown Citizen". I felt the time period reflected W.H. Auden's views, making the unknown citizen an example of the government's view of the perfect modern man in an overrated unrealistic society.In the time period that he wrote this poem in the late 1930's America was going through tremendous changes. This is the period in history in which The Great Depression was in effect. Most people living in the United States values, morals, and ethics were rapidly diminishing. The Great Depression fundamentally changed the relationship between the government and the people, who came to expect and accept a larger federal role in their lives and the economy. Throughout this time period Social Security was created.Back then this poem must have had a different meaning than today, it shows the value government has on issuing Social Security numbers. They make people believe it's for your own benefit when in reality they have the best use of it to track and retrieve information about your personal life. We see government as people we elected to represent our views they see us as a number. "Was he free? Was he happy? The question was absurd: Had anything been wrong we should certainly have heard (Auden 212)".I also felt he was expressing the fact that government makes it seem that everyone else is doing the "right thing" so you must follow him or her, and if you do so living a quality life will reward you. Their standards are so high that you will never reach the optimum point, so you work hard your whole life trying to improve. "His poems and essays present the idea of the good society as, at best, a possibility, never actually achieved, but which one must always work (Mendalson 112)". "Auden's poems speak instead in a voice almost unknown to English poetry science the eighteenth century: the voice of a citizen who knows the obligations of his citizenship (Mendalson 113).

Loss of Opportunity for Higher Education

A profession that most of us choose to follow will vary in many ways. Most people would follow a path that would entail penetrating the business world, while some would focus on other undertakings that include government related duties, medical professions and legal professions.   In my case, initially pursuing a career by defending and serving the country through using service for the flag by offering labor and passion for the country were my initial steps. Many people view joining the military as a waste of time, but in my case, serving the flag above anything else was main prerogative. This is perhaps one reason that what many would call as a deprivation of gaining higher education and exploring other opportunities that can eventually help out my tenure of service towards my country. Military occupations are known to end somewhere along the line and once this happens, a secure future may not be clear when it comes to depending on pensions as the main source of living later on. The basic business knowledge, strategies and management styles are definitely something that is not present or available at this time. While I am serving my country, participating in the on-going crisis that needs my attention, the desire and need to gain the necessary business knowledge needs more time to focus on. Being said, such events prevent me from attending to the needs of my family and dependents. Education is a very important investment, a choice that I had foregone, but given the opportunity to grab a decent education at any point will surely be something that I will not allow to pass. Such has become a hindrance in allowing my wife to gain better ground as far as opportunities. Understanding my current profession is not so easy to do. While I would have avoided the matter had I been chosen to pursue a degree of relative education, then perhaps this matter of attaining the proper educational level instead of serving my country was the purpose I had undoubtedly chosen. While there are no regrets on my part for being where I am now, the opportunity lost is quite devastating as  people would consider it. Providing a better future for my family was evidently set aside, and this is something that was a gamble on my part as far as life’s decisions are concerned. Taking the initiative of placing my country in lieu of my personal security for me and my family is clearly something that will deprive me of planning and preparing for the future once I have ended my years of service. However, hope still floats and even though time is a key element in investing in education has been lost, pardon or assistance to my dependents is something that I am really praying for. Due consideration in exchange for placing practically my life for a country I love dearly in exchange for the security and future of my wife and dependents is the only recourse I see to offset the loss from the educational benefits I have given up. But once time permits, pursuing education to whichever level suitable and to my abilities will remain to be my battle cry. There is no turning back to where I am now, but only time to adjust and look forward to being given the chance to undertake new and different challenges and seek education upon the remaining educational opportunity once given and allowed.

Importance of Managing and Adopting Collaboration and Partnership in the Tourism Industry Essay

1. Abstract This report focuses on the importance of adopting and managing collaboration and partnership in the tourism industry in the Black Country region. The purpose of this report is to identify problems that the region is facing and find means and ways of achieving sustainable tourism that meets the needs of present tourists and the needs of the region while protecting and enhancing opportunities for the future. Also in this report, conditions in the visitor attractions sector in this region are discussed including the advantages and disadvantages of collaborative and partnership approach. It can be said collaboration and partnership seeks to achieve sustainable tourism by means of conservation and development. Research findings are presented to the Board of Directors, in order to show the importance of adopting and managing collaboration and partnership in the region. The outcome of the research showed that most stakeholders were in favour of collaboration and partnership as it offers solutions to problems and challenges experienced by tourist attractions and which they cannot deal with in isolation. Collaboration has many different forms, it can be by means of tourism planning and policy making participation processes; informal meetings between politicians and the industry; through debates and round table discussions; by spreading information in the media; by advisory committees and coordination bodies; and/or, via what are called public-private partnerships (PPP) (Ansell& Gash, 2008; Rhodes, 1997). 2. Introduction Black Country is a tourist destination based on quality and sustainable experiences. In this current economic climate there is need to adopt collaboration and partnership to increase and maintain its sustainability. Collaboration is defined as what occurs when a group of autonomous stakeholders of a problem domain engage in an interactive process, using shared rules, norms and structures to act or decide on issues related to the domain† (Jamal & Getz, 1998: 188) The role of the Partnership is to enhance the quality of the visitor experience, to improve the viability, sustainability and performance of tourism enterprises and to develop, promote and champion tourist attractions in appropriate markets. http://www.exmoortourismpartnership.org.uk/ To help us identify suitable stakeholders who have like interests, we carried out a survey that outlined some of the issues and impacts affecting our destinations and the solutions available, the research findings are, climate change, loss of habitat areas because of development and pollution, degeneration in biodiversity of species and ecosystems, increased dependency of a host community’s economy on tourism, increased gas prices, abandoned heritage sites, transportation are the main problems that the region is facing and these problems were a pointer to stakeholders who have like interests with the Black Country Tourist Authority. These stakeholders include guests and corporate clients, hotel owners, local communities, employees, suppliers, academic institutions, local authorities, the historical society, scientific agencies and institutions, the local bus/coach companies, this is consistent with WTO 2004 which states that Alongside a strong leadership, the informed participation of all relevant stakeholders from the local to the central levels are components of the social dimension of sustainable tourism. Mutual participation can provide cost effective solutions by pooling resources (Bramwell and Lane 1999; Bramwell and Sharman 1999; Healey 1997. The process has the potential to allow organizations to pool their knowledge, share expertise, capital and other resources (Bramwell and Lane 2000). This increases the tourism sustainability in turn; sustainability will assist tourism in contributing to economic development as well as improve employees and their families, the local community and society at large. Communication between us is always through national surveys, informative programs and educational resources. These stakeholders would assist our tourist attractions in the following ways, 3. Issues affecting tourist attractions 3.1. Biodiversity Conservation Biodiversity is the variability of all species on earth ranging from plants, land and sea organisms and micro-organisms. National parks and other protected areas are seen as important areas for the conservation of biological diversity however the region is faced with biodiversity threats which are explained below: 3.2 Pollution Land, air and sea pollution caused by human events brings about quite a number of environmental hazards and is a threat to biodiversity and the ecosystem. A major concern has been of the Black Country canals, people enjoy using canals for recreation. There is a danger of contamination of canal water by agricultural runoff, waste treatment plants and improper disposal of industrial waste. This type of pollution can cause long-term health problems for people as well as killing wildlife from exposure. Also of concern is litter, it has been noted that people throw materials that do not break down easily in the environment, as a result, destroys the beauty of parks ,making tourists avoid these areas. Street litter may wash into drains and end up in the ocean; this can kill wildlife by entanglement or ingestion. Soil contamination is another form of pollution in the Black country which may destroy our tourist attractions, this type of contamination can be caused by spillages of hazardous substance or when as chemicals or waste from an industrial smokestack. This can kill animals if they ingest plants which grow in such soil or if they inhale particles from contaminated soil. To solve this we need to collaborate with environment protection agencies such that they provide presentations of visual material, with the aim of communicating the importance of conserving tourist attractions. 3.3. Climate change The rise or decrease in temperature could be a threat to wildlife and the environment and the wildlife are likely to experience changes in the location and extend of areas across the region where the climate will meet their requirements and wild life will suffer due to altered vegetation patterns, and reduced water availability in the region. Therefore the available solutions showed that there is need for us to collaborate with scientific organizations and institutions to meet the specific needs of management as it meets the challenges of climate change and in turn we are able to provide the best suitable conditions for wildlife. The solutions available include presentation of climate friendly parks workshops. These can be delivered in partnership with the environmental protection agency. Also people should reduce the emission of greenhouse gasses by using alternative energy sources such as solar, wind energy, fuel cells, electric and hybrid forms transportation. Educating rangers such that they will pass on current information to visitors. http://www.nature.nps.gov/climatechange/ However, the United Nations Convention Framework for Climate Change encourages stakeholders to adapt to the climate change. This means that stakeholders need to implement changes in processes, practices, and structures to moderate potential damages or to benefit from opportunities associated with climate change. http://unfccc.int/focus/adaptation/items/6999.php 3.4 .Accommodation The findings of the research has shown that tourists struggle with accommodation due to the high fares, therefore large numbers of visitors chose not to stay for more than a day’s visit or some would choose not to visit the tourist attractions. However to make it easier for tourists and to make sure the attractions realise maximum profits, an agreement has been reached with the local accommodation providers and tourist attractions to offer joint-ticketing for tourists, where visitors can purchase an all-inclusive holiday and accommodation is offered at a discount. However accommodation providers may offer a limited number of rooms or allocate limited days per ticket as a way of gaining quick turnover and this could be a disadvantage as tourists might end up reducing their time spent at attractions and in turn affects visitor satisfaction and reduce the potential for attractions to earn much needed secondary spend. 3.5. Education and Training The authority will take part in hospitality industry sustainability round-table events hosted by Wolverhampton University School of Hotel Administration, which focused on The Role of the Sustainability Department in Hotel Companies, The Impact of Emerging Codes, Laws and Regulations, Guest Engagement and CSR (corporate social responsibility) and Carbon. As staff are the main factor in the success of the visitor experience, the Black country tourist authority aims to maintain control over recruitment and training the skills base of the people who work within the tourism industry as they play a crucial part in the customer perception of the region, therefore partnership with appropriate training and skills organisations and education establishments will enable the customer service skills to be heightened. Examples of these institutions that we are in partnership with include Universities and Colleges. The aim is to increase visitor satisfaction whilst providing employment opportunities and a career path for the region’s workforce and encourage investment into the Tourism Industry. Local communities Policies, implementation and enforcement of plans and regulations resulting from collaboration may be more accepted by individuals and organizations who were involved in creating them (Medeiros de Araujo & Bramwell 2002). Including local communities in the survey will enable communities throughout the region to recognise the value that tourism plays, financially into the region’s economy and in the support of the infrastructure within communities, an example can be where shops stay open throughout the year due to the tourism spend or the employment opportunities for the local workforce. It is therefore important for communities to understand the benefits achieved by a community through tourism activities. Furthermore, it makes use of local knowledge to make sure that decisions are well-informed and appropriate. This adds value by building on the store of knowledge, insights, and capabilities of stakeholders (Bramwell and Lane 2011; Gray 1989) and gives a voice to those who are most affected by tourism. Local knowledge helps in scenario analysis, data collection, management planning, designing of the adaptive strategies to learn and get feedback, and institutional support to put policies in to practice (Getz et al., 1999). This increases the business sustainability in turn, sustainability will assists the business in contributing to economic development as well as improve employees and their families, the local community and society at large. 3.6. Abandoned heritage sites There are quite a number of abandoned heritage sites in the Black Country. Therefore the Black Country Tourism Authority aims to get into Partnership with local authorities can help to assist in identifying tourist attractions such as heritage sites at risk and then sign post them to the appropriate grants and trusts for repairs and maintenance. The aim is to help improve the protection, conservation and management of heritage assets. Another example of heritage at risk includes Victorian buildings such as The Grand Hotel (Birmingham); it is one of the city’s largest Victorian buildings and a local landmark. www.english-heritage.org.uk 03/04/13 4. Conclusion In conclusion it can be said, adoption and managing of collaboration and partnership is the key success of English tourism in this region, its success lies in the hard work of all stakeholders, availability of funds to ensure high standards, security and marketing, most importantly, the good management from managers of individual tourist attractions which is revealed by professional conduct of workers at an attraction. 5. Recommendations The process of achieving successful collaboration and partnership involves generating income for tourist attractions and management as well as involving stakeholders in decision making concerning tourism development and heritage conservation, therefore, revenue capture scheme should be set up and the revenue generated would go towards biodiversity conservation and management. The government should offer investment incentive for entrepreneurs or financial support such that businesses with like interests can be set up and essential services such as water suppliers can continue to supply clean water. Attractions should have a strategy for recruiting, educating, or training people for the tourism industry.